Probiotics for Dogs With Diarrhea: Benefits, Dosage, and Special Considerations

 

Welcome our pet lovers! 

 

Travel-induced diarrhea is a common challenge that many people face, often leading us to seek various solutions to stay healthy on the road. For me, one of the most effective remedies has been probiotics, which have become a “must-have” in my travel kit. 

 

Diarrhea can be a significant concern for pet parents too and can stem from a variety of causes, such as dietary changes, infections, stress, or underlying health conditions. This issue can be stressful not just for the dog but for the owner as well.

 

Probiotics are generally known to maintain a balance between the good and bad bacteria in the gut, but this guide will help you learn more about probiotics for dogs with diarrhea! 

 

Let’s dive in!

 

Disclaimer: Dog probiotics don’t necessarily ensure full recovery from diarrhea. Consult your veterinarian to determine whether probiotics will benefit your dog and their intestinal health.

 

Jump To:

• Understanding Diarrhea in Dogs
• What Are Probiotics?
• Benefits of Probiotics for Canines With Diarrhea
• Choosing the Right Probiotic for Your Dog
• Proper Dosage and Frequency
• Combining Probiotics With Other Treatments
• Potential Side Effects and Considerations

Understanding Diarrhea in Dogs

 

Diarrhea in dogs refers to the frequent passing of loose or loose stools in larger amounts. It is not a disease but rather a clinical sign of various underlying conditions. Irritable bowel syndrome can be one of the underlying conditions causing diarrhea in dogs. In some cases, diarrhea can be resolved with simple treatments. However, pet parents shouldn’t assume this is always a minor issue that can be treated quickly. Diarrhea can also indicate life-threatening illnesses or lead to organ system failure.

 

This condition involves the rapid movement of fecal material through the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in decreased absorption of water, nutrients, and electrolytes. Determining the cause of diarrhea is crucial for faster treatment, as different pathogens require different treatment protocols. Without proper identification and treatment, dogs may continue to suffer from what we all recognize as liquid or loose stools, often accompanied by a strong odor. Addressing the underlying cause effectively can help manage these unpleasant symptoms and improve your dog’s overall health.

 

Diarrhea is often accompanied by other symptoms, such as vomiting, lethargy, fever, or loss of appetite. It can range from a minor inconvenience to a serious health concern. To better understand diarrhea in dogs and ensure appropriate care, we advise consulting a veterinarian.

What Are Dogs Probiotics? 

 

Before we dive into the benefits of probiotics for dogs, let's clarify the differences between species, genus, and strains in microbiology. Think of these classifications as organizing books in a library by categories that get more specific as we go.

 

• Genus is a broader category that includes a group of related species. For example, Enterococcus is a genus known for its various bacteria species, all sharing certain structural or genetic traits. 

 

• Species refers to a group within a genus that shares a high level of genetic similarity and similar physical and biochemical characteristics, such as Enterococcus faecium.

 

• Strains are unique variations within a species, often identified by additional numbers or letters. These variations can have distinct features or functions, and different strains may offer different health benefits. For instance, Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 is a specific strain of the Enterococcus genus known for its potential benefits in supporting digestive health.

 

 

Want to shine at your next dinner? Did you notice that we don't use capital letters for species or strains? This is Latin nomenclature—don't hesitate to correct your friends! This is similar to how different dog breeds vary within the same species. So let’s clarify the microbiology part using the example of dog breeds. 

 

For instance, in the taxonomic classification for dogs, Canis is the genus, and lupus (specifically Canis lupus) is the species. This classification system uses Latin names to categorize organisms based on their genetic and morphological similarities.

 

Comparably to the strain, you could think about the breed Labrador. So Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 would be similar to Canis lupus Labrador.

 

Isn't it simpler this way? Turning complex microbiological terms into everyday language makes it easier to understand, just like we do for our beloved dogs, or should we say Canis?! 

 

Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms that reside in the digestive tract. Known as "friendly" bacteria, they lead to improved digestion and immune function. Most of these healthy microbes live in the gut, where they help prevent diseases. Some probiotics can even strengthen the immune response, while others stimulate the production of anti-inflammatory substances.

 

Beneficial gastrointestinal microorganisms help fight off potential pathogens by strengthening immunity. When dogs are sick or stressed, the balance between bad and good bacteria in the gut can be disrupted. Collectively, these bacteria are known as the microbiota, and when their balance is impaired, it is called a gut microbiome imbalance. This can lead to gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhea, vomiting, and gas.

 

Probiotics are available in various forms, including chews, liquids, powders, and capsules.

 

Benefits of Probiotics for Canines With Diarrhea

 

Probiotics generally support gut function, though their efficacy can vary. Some strains may offer substantial benefits, while others might be less effective depending on the specific health issue or individual needs. 

 

For a probiotic to effectively address issues like diarrhea, the correct strain and dosage must be chosen. Whether diarrhea results from antibiotics, stress, aging, illnesses, or dietary changes, selecting the appropriate strain and dosage can help restore microbiota balance.

 

Probiotics assist animals by colonizing the gut surface, creating a physical barrier against pathogens. Some probiotic strains can also produce antimicrobial substances, such as bacteriocins and peroxides, further protecting the gut environment. This suppresses the growth of harmful bacteria and supports the proliferation of beneficial bacteria. 

 

Probiotics in living organisms also ferment non-digestible fibers in the colon and then short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are formed. Fatty acids like acetate, propionate, butyrate are an energy source and also have anti-inflammatory effects. They promote the integrity and permeability as intestinal barriers which can prevent the localization of pathogens and toxins which helps in preventing diarrhea. 

 

These properties of probiotics improve the function of the immune system and inhibit pathogen adhesion. And you know what’s the best thing? A healthy pet means reduced veterinary costs and peace of mind for the owner. 

 

This product can also reduce the chances of skin inflammation. 

 

But if you have to remember one thing: NOT EVERY STRAIN HAS BENEFITS - EACH STRAIN IS DIFFERENT AND THEIR BENEFITS NEED TO BE PROVEN.

 

Read more: Discover more about the effects of probiotics in cases of skin diseases and allergies. 

 

Choosing the Right Probiotic for Your Dog 

 

If you want to give your dog probiotics, consider the following factors:

 

• Species and Strain: Understanding the concepts of species, strains, and genus can guide your choice. While you may not know which specific species will benefit your dog, discussing your options with your veterinarian can help you make an informed decision.

 

• CFU (Colony Forming Units): Look for a product that specifies its CFU on the label. CFU represents the number of live microorganisms that can form colonies when cultured. Generally, a higher CFU count indicates a more potent probiotic.

 

• Vet-formulated: Opt for probiotics products that are vet-formulated. Why is this important? Most of the time, products are badly formulated. Not the right strain. A low dosage. Not optimized for stability. Brands with vets on the team typically provide comprehensive information about their products and the science behind them, ensuring quality and reliability.

 

• Shelf stability and manufacturing: Good probiotics must remain stable to ensure their potency in various temperatures and humidity. Make sure that the manufacturer offers packaging that will ensure the probiotic is viable. Different species, like Bacillus, are more resilient and survive better than others, such as Bifidobacterium, and manufacturers may use methods like microencapsulation, coating, and freeze-drying to enhance probiotic longevity. Carefully read the manufacturer’s leaflet and/or manual to find out more about the product’s stability. 

 

• Reviews: If purchasing online, read customer reviews to gain insights into the product’s effectiveness and quality. Reviews can help you choose the best probiotic for your dog based on others' experiences.

 

Let’s discuss the most commonly used probiotic strains for dogs!

 

Read more: Find out more about the best probiotics for dogs for various purposes! 

Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415

 

Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 is a highly regarded probiotic strain known for its substantial benefits in enhancing intestinal health and managing diarrhea in dogs.
We warn you, you will love the science behind it! 

 

Supplementation with this strain at a dosage of 2 × 10^9 CFU/day (and one study at 1 x 10^9 CFU/day) has been shown to significantly improve fecal quality and promote a balanced gut microbiota. This probiotic works by increasing the presence of beneficial bacteria and reducing harmful pathogens such as Clostridium spp., which are often linked to gastrointestinal issues.

 

 

One of the most compelling studies involving Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 included over 700 dogs!!! Providing robust evidence of its efficacy. The results demonstrated that dogs receiving this probiotic showed marked improvements in stool consistency, with a reduction in the severity and duration of diarrhea. Additionally, the probiotic helped enhance the overall microbial diversity within the gut, which is crucial for maintaining a resilient and healthy digestive system.

 

To be noted, this product was not only E. faecium NCIMB 10415, it was combined with a mix of prebiotics (FOS + Acacia gum).

 

To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest study made on digestive dog health. And others have been made. This study provides evidence that synbiotic supplementation can effectively reduce the incidence of diarrhea in shelter dogs.

 

Moreover, Enterococcus faecium supports the integrity of the intestinal barrier and boosts immune function, further protecting dogs from gastrointestinal disturbances and infections. This dual action not only improves digestion but also contributes to the overall well-being of the dog.

 

In summary, Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 offers a comprehensive approach to improving canine intestinal health, especially in dogs prone to digestive issues like chronic diarrhea. 

 

This is our favorite strain because the science behind it is so solid. It’s definitely our go-to supplement for dogs with digestive health issues or for maintaining good digestive health.

 

Bacillus subtilis C-3102 (Calsporin ®)  AHC7 Benefits

 

Calsporin® (Bacillus subtilis C-3102) is a spore-forming probiotic with well-documented benefits for enhancing gut health and managing diarrhea in dogs. Supplementation at a concentration of 1 × 10^9 CFU/kg has been shown in a 2019 study to significantly improve fecal quality, nutrient digestibility, and the overall balance of gut microbiota.

Specifically, this probiotic increases the abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium (yes… more barbaric words), which play crucial roles in maintaining a stable and healthy digestive environment.

 

The stability of B. subtilis C-3102 as a spore-forming probiotic allows it to withstand the harsh conditions of the digestive tract, ensuring its effectiveness from ingestion to the intestines. Bacillus subtilis C-3102 is very stable and will remain at a high concentration over time, which is not something all dogs' probiotics can do.

 

Studies have shown that dogs with chronic diarrhea who receive Calsporin® experience marked improvements in stool consistency, with more well-formed stools and a reduction in the severity and duration of diarrhea. 

 

These are the kinds of studies you need to support the probiotic strains you use to improve fecal quality and help with diarrhea. Without such research, it’s difficult to confidently know if the probiotic is truly effective.

Additionally, Calsporin® helps to reduce odorous compounds in feces, which is not only beneficial for the dog's health but also more pleasant for dog owners.

 

Moreover, Calsporin® boosts the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are vital for maintaining colon health and reducing intestinal inflammation. These SCFAs contribute to overall digestive well-being by promoting a healthy mucosal barrier and supporting the immune function of the gut.

 

In summary, Calsporin® offers a multifaceted approach to enhancing canine gut health, particularly in dogs prone to digestive issues such as chronic diarrhea. Its ability to improve microbial diversity, support nutrient absorption, and stabilize the gut environment makes it a valuable addition to the diet of dogs with digestive sensitivities.

 

At Jope, we recognize the significant benefits of Calsporin® and highly recommend this strain for supporting and maintaining optimal digestive health in dogs. 

Bifidobacterium animalis AHC7 Benefits

 

Efficacious probiotics are organisms capable of surviving gut passage, proliferating, and colonizing the digestive tract. Bifidobacterium animalis AHC7 is notable for its ability to withstand a low pH (2.5) environment and 1% bile exposure, while also exerting antimicrobial activity against indicator pathogens. When consumed for five weeks, this probiotic can reduce the total number of anaerobic bacteria in fecal samples, particularly targeting Clostridium difficile, a known cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Clostridium difficile often becomes a problem following antibiotic treatment because antibiotics disrupt the natural balance of gut bacteria, killing off beneficial bacteria that normally keep harmful bacteria, like Clostridium difficile, in check. Without this competition, Clostridium difficile can overgrow and produce toxins, leading to antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

 

One study investigated the effects of B. animalis AHC7 supplementation on the resolution rate of acute idiopathic diarrhea in dogs. The results indicated that dogs receiving this probiotic experienced a shorter time to resolve idiopathic diarrhea and a reduced percentage of dogs requiring metronidazole treatment.

 

Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii Benefits

 

One research discusses the benefits of S. boulardii on healthy dogs and dogs with chronic enteropathies (CE). The final results from the study show that S. boulardii can be safely used for dogs with CE and can achieve better control of the clinical signs than standard therapy alone. 

 

Saccharomyces can also be used for treating and preventing the dysbiosis induced by antibiotics. A study evaluated the effects and it was found that three days after probiotic supplementation, dogs carried more pathobionts (potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia, Helicobacter, and Pseudomonadaceae) converted into a healthier microbiota. S. cerevisae boulardii can lead to beneficial shifts in the microbiota of healthy dogs. 

 

It is well known that antibiotics disbalance the gut microflora. A study involved twenty-four dogs divided into three equal groups to assess the effects of probiotics on antibiotic-induced diarrhea. All groups received intramuscular lincomycin. However, Group II received Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii after diarrhea developed, while Group III received S. boulardii alongside lincomycin from the start.

In Group I, diarrhea appeared after an average of 7.8±1.6 days, and in Group II, after 6.9±2 days. Group III, which received the probiotic bacteria concurrently with lincomycin, did not experience diarrhea. The duration of diarrhea differed significantly between Group I and Group II; in Group l it lasted much longer.

 

The study concluded that lincomycin decreased the total short-chain fatty acid (TSCFAs, leading to diarrhea when administered alone. The conclusion is that S. boulardii effectively treated lincomycin-induced diarrhea and prevented its occurrence when given concurrently with the antibiotic.

 

Enterococcus faecium SF68 Benefits 

 

Diarrhea is a serious problem, especially in animal shelters. Before we start discussing this, we would like to ask you something. Do you know that people have adopting preferences based on the phenotypic characteristics of the animals? Studies indicate that individuals tend to prefer puppies and small breeds over larger dogs and brachycephalic breeds. Now, imagine how selective potential adopters become when they notice a health issue in an animal.

 

Diarrhea is a noticeable condition, and its presence can decrease an animal’s chances of being adopted. This study explores the beneficial effects of Enterococcus faecium SF68 on dogs and cats in an animal shelter setting. The hypothesis shows that animals receiving probiotics are less likely to experience diarrhea lasting more than two days compared to those not receiving probiotics.

 

This study involved 217 cats and 182 dogs. Half of the animals were administered Enterococcus faecium SF68, while the other half received a placebo. Results indicated that the percentage of cats with diarrhea lasting more than two days was significantly lower in the probiotic group (7.4%) compared to the placebo group (20.7%). However, no significant statistical difference was observed in the dog group during the study. 

Proper Dosage and Frequency

 

 

The dosage and frequency of probiotics for dogs depend on several factors, including:

 

• Dog’s Size and Weight: The appropriate dosage can vary based on the size and weight of your dog. Larger dogs typically require higher doses compared to smaller ones.

 

• Specific Health Needs: Your dog's individual health issues and overall condition will influence the recommended dosage and frequency.

 

• Probiotic Strain: Different strains may have varying dosage requirements and recommended usage.

 

• Product Formulation: The form of the probiotic supplement (e.g., powder, capsule, chewable) can affect the dosage. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for each specific product. At Jope we prefer powder as it contains less water and increases the survivability of bacteria.

 

• Veterinary Recommendations: Consult your veterinarian to determine the correct dosage and frequency based on your dog's health condition and needs.

 

Dosage can also be influenced by the form of the supplement. The frequency of administration should be tailored by your veterinarian, considering factors such as the cause of diarrhea. Some probiotics are intended for short-term use until symptoms improve, while others may be suitable for long-term use.

 

Note: Do not increase the dosage without prior consultation with a veterinarian. High dosages might lead to serious gastrointestinal imbalances. 

 

Combining Probiotics With Other Treatments for Digestive Health

 

An imbalanced gut microbiome is often caused by various pathogens affecting digestive health and the immune system. 

 

If diarrhea is caused by bacterial infections, antibiotics can aid in faster recovery. It is advisable to perform an antimicrobial test to determine the most effective antibiotic. 

 

For viral causes of diarrhea, antiviral drugs and dog probiotics can be beneficial. Anti-inflammatory medications can also help by reducing inflammation and potentially decreasing the frequency of diarrhea.

 

Additional supplements that may aid in managing diarrhea include:

 

• Prebiotics: Non-digestible fibers that serve as food for beneficial bacteria. Prebiotics are non-digestible fibers that serve as food for these beneficial bacteria. Together with probiotics, they enhance each other's effectiveness: probiotics thrive on the prebiotics, and the prebiotics help the probiotics flourish and establish themselves in the gut.

 

• Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Support anti-inflammatory processes and overall gut health. EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) support the anti-inflammatory processes in the body. They contribute to overall gut health by helping to reduce inflammation and promote a balanced immune response, which can be beneficial for managing conditions like inflammatory bowel disease and other digestive issues.

 

• Fiber: Helps regulate bowel movements and improve stool consistency.

 

• Digestive Enzymes: Assist in the breakdown and absorption of nutrients.

 

• Vitamins and Minerals: Ensure proper nutrition and support overall health.

 

Prebiotics and probiotics are both important for the overall health of the animal. Prebiotics serve as food for the beneficial intestinal bacteria and when combined with probiotics, they form a synbiotic as they work in synbiosis, they synergize with each other.

 

When choosing a probiotic product, it's better to select one with a few key ingredients at the correct dosages rather than one with many ingredients but with suboptimal doses. 

 

Also, remember that many dog foods and supplements contain probiotics and they might be the easiest way to give your dog probiotics. But always verify the probiotic stains used are proven!

 

There is a way to target and destroy certain bacteria and it is done by bacteriophages, also called phages, which are used together with probiotics. These are actually viruses and are a modern way of antibacterial treatment. 

 

Before introducing probiotic supplements or any other supplements, consult with a veterinarian. Some medications and supplements may interact with each other, and a vet can help determine if a combination is safe and effective for your dog's specific condition.

Potential Side Effects and Considerations

 

This supplement is generally safe and well-tolerated, particularly for addressing diarrhea. However, as with any supplement, there is a potential for minor side effects.

 

While probiotics are beneficial for gut health, some sensitive dogs may experience digestive upset, including gas, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation. Allergic reactions could also occur in dogs sensitive to the active ingredients in the supplement.

 

To minimize the risk of side effects, introduce the supplement gradually and monitor your dog's behavior and overall health closely. It is advisable to consult with a veterinarian before starting any new supplement to ensure it is appropriate for your dog’s specific needs and condition.

Conclusion

 

Probiotics, and more especially probiotic powder, are generally safe and often recommended for pets. They can help maintain gut balance and improve digestion, especially in cases of diarrhea. Regardless of the underlying cause of diarrhea, probiotics can be beneficial and may work effectively, particularly when used alongside medications targeting the specific pathogen causing the issue.

 

Have probiotics been the sole treatment for your dog's diarrhea, or was it combined with other treatments? We’re interested in knowing if probiotics alone were sufficient or if additional therapies were involved in your dog's recovery.